Internal-combustion engine



1925 1,559,439 1' E. w. KAPRAUN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE I Filed Jan. 16.1925

awn! K EDWARD W. KAPRAuN,

Patented Get. 27, 1925.

PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD V7. KAPRAUN, OF HENRY, ILLINOIS.

. INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed January 16, 1925.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD W. KAPRAUN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Henry, in the county of Marshall and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a composition of matter, to be applied to the interior parts of an internal combustion engine, to pre vent the accumulation of carbon deposits thereon.

I have discovered that a composition of matter may be produced, comprising fused glass and aluminum, which possesses peculiar properties, for use in the interior of an internal combustion engine, upon surfaces to prevent the accumulation of carbon deposits thereon. This composition may be made relatively thin and its surface will be extremely smooth, and carbon deposits will not adhere to the same.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to. designate llke parts throughout the same, the figure is a central vertical longitudinal section through the cylinder of an internal combustion engine of a conventional type, showing the lining embodying my invention, applied thereto.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 5 designates a cylinder block, of any well known preferred type. This cylinder block embodies a cylinder 6, receiving the piston 7. The head of the cylinder block is designated by the numeral 8, affording a combustion chamber 9 and intake port 10. The cylinder block is provided with a valve seat 11, for co-action with the valve 12, controlling the passage of gases to the intake port 10. The foregoing construction is that of the ordinary internal combustion engine.

The piston 7 is provided at its top with headed studs or lugs 13, preferably cast integral therewith. The top of this piston is covered by a plate or sheet 14, which is my composition to prevent the accumulation of carbon upon the piston. This composition is formed offused glass and aluminum. I preferably employ one-third part by weight of aluminum and two-thirds parts by weight of glass. Both the glass and Serial No. 2,889.

aluminum are heated to the, molten condition and thoroughly mixed in the fused condition. I may add tothis fused mass a small amount of finely divided mica and asbestos, although satisfactory results are obtainable without em oloying these. The composition in the fused or molten condition is poured upon the top of the piston head, and allowed to cool thereon. The lugs 18 are of course embedded within this plate or sheet and securely attach the same to the piston head. The sheet 14 possesses peculiar properties. It may be cast relatively thin, such as one-quarter inch or less. It has an extremely smooth surface, somewhat approaching that of glass, and with this it is sufliciently tough to withstand the forces applied to it. This smooth surface prevents the accumulation of carbon upon the same. The inner surface of the piston 7 is provided with a lining 14', of the samematerial as the lining 14, and held thereto by the headed studs 13. The walls of the combustion chamber 10 are covered with a sheet or plate 14 of the same material applied thereto in the same manner. The valve seat 11 is also covered by this material, as indicated at 14*. The valve chamber is covered with the same material, as indicated at 14 secured in place by the same means. I have found that satisfactory results are obtainable by forming the valve face 15 of thin laminated sheets of steel, which are pressed together so securely that they closely resemble a solid section of metal. I also cover the top of the valve 12 with the same composition, as indicated at 14, which is held in place by the same means. If desired, this face might be coated with my composition. I may also line the inner. wall of the cylinder of the engine with a composition embodying my invention.

The melting temperature of aluminum is 1216 F while the melting temperature of glass is from 900 F. to 1200 F. The variation in the melting temperature in glass "is due to the different grades of glass --or'the irigredients used in the manufacture of the g ass. I between l100 F and 1400 F. inclusive. The fusingtemperature of aluminum is from between1400 F. to 1500 F. inclusive. The glass and aluminum are melted separately, and for this purpose they are heated to their respective melting temperatures.

The fusing temperature of glass is While in this molten condition they are poured or mixed together, and maintained under a pressure of from 1400 to 1600 pounds per sq. inch. While subjected to this pressure the mixed molten glass and aluminum are subjected to a fusing temperature, until 1100 F. and 14:00 F. have been reached, or a heat reached which is adapted to fuse both materials. The fused material is then forced upon the surface of parts upon which it is to be used, in the presence of a pressure of from 1400 to 1600 pounds per sq. inch, by means of hydraulic pressure or the like. \Vhile maintained under this pressure it is allowed to cool, so that the glass and aluminum will not tend to separate.

In view of the foregoing description, it is thought that the invention will be readily understood.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described, is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described. my invention, I claim:

1. A composition for lining the interior parts of an internal combustion engine which are subjected to the presence of carbon deposits, comprising fused glass and aluminum.

2. A composition for coating the interior parts of an interior combustion engine which are subjected to the presence of carbon deposits, comprising fused glass and aluminum, the glass being present in a preponderance by weight.

3. An interior combustion engine having an interior part thereof subjected to the presence of carbon deposits, covered with a coating formed of fused glass and aluminum, such coating having a smooth surface which will not accumulate carbon deposits.

at. The combination with the interior part of an internal combustion engine which is subjected to the presence of carbon deposits, said part carrying attaching elements, of the covering for said part having the attaching elements f einbedded therein, said covering embodying fused glass and aluminum, the surface of the covering being smooth and preventing the accumulation of carbon deposits upon the same.

5. A composition for lining the interior parts of internal combustion engines subjected to the presence of carbon deposits, comprising fused glass and aluminum, and a small amount of mica and asbestos.

In testimony whereof I my signature.

EDWARD KAPRAUN. 

